Daily Journal Digest — 2026-06-21¶
過去 24 小時新增：Transplant ID × 3、One Health × 10、Food Security × 13，共 26 篇。
⭐ 今日亮點¶
- Quantifying how multiple transmission routes contribute to the spread of HTLV-1 in different endemic foci: a mathematical modelling study
One Health 介入優先順序的量化地圖。 - Diagnostic and prognostic relevance of valve strands in patients with suspected infective endocarditis
避免把valve strands過度治療成IE。 - Cytomegalovirus After Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Impact on Outcome and A Personalized Risk-adapted Prevention Strategy
auto-HCT後CMV監測可走風險分層。
🔬 深入評讀¶
Quantifying how multiple transmission routes contribute to the spread of HTLV-1 in different endemic foci: a mathematical modelling study¶
Lancet Infect Dis | IF 27.0 | DOI | [(Ochida2026Quantifyinghow?)]
- 設計：系統性文獻回顧後，以7項年齡、性別分層的HTLV-1血清盛行率調查建構multiroute serocatalytic model，涵蓋vertical、sexual、hospital-related與zoonotic傳播。研究把法屬圭亞那、加彭、喀麥隆、日本、澳洲中部等endemic foci拆成9個subpopulations，適合回答不同場域「哪條傳播路徑最值得先介入」。
- 樣本：模型納入7項調查、9個subpopulations，並依25–69歲成人、性別與地區估計route-specific force of infection。追蹤不是個人縱向追蹤，而是用橫斷面年齡血清盛行率重建累積感染風險，因此時間尺度主要由年齡曲線提供。
- 關鍵數字：vertical transmission probability估17%（95% credible interval 15–20），女性sexual infection probability為男性的1.6倍（1.4–1.8）；25–69歲感染中，sexual transmission占85%（79–87），vertical占8%（7–9）。NHP bite在中非男性每次咬傷感染機率達7%（3–13），於喀麥隆Bantu農村成年男性可解釋最高26%感染，效應量大且顯示地方暴露不能被全球平均值掩蓋。
- Limitation：主要限制是以7項既有血清調查反推傳播路徑，hospital admission、NHP bite與澳洲中部男性特異路徑的暴露分類可能有measurement error。模型可分解attributable fraction，但不能像前瞻世代一樣直接adjudicate每例感染來源，且未被sexual或vertical解釋的澳洲中部男性感染仍代表重要殘餘confounding或未量測路徑。
- Bottom line：HTLV-1控制不能只談母嬰阻斷；多數成人感染由sexual transmission驅動，但中非NHP bite最高可占26%男性感染，介入策略需依endemic focus重新排序。
Diagnostic and prognostic relevance of valve strands in patients with suspected infective endocarditis¶
Clin Infect Dis | IF 8.8 | DOI | [(Tzimas2026Diagnosticprognostic?)]
- 設計：這是洛桑大學醫院2014–2024年的單中心回溯研究，納入心臟影像出現valve strands且被評估疑似infective endocarditis（IE）的成人。2018–2024年由multidisciplinary Endocarditis Team分類，2014–2017年由專家臨床醫師分類，核心問題是valve strands是否等同vegetations。
- 樣本：共305個episodes，其中101個（33%）被判定為IE、204個（67%）為non-IE；non-IE中165個（81%）仍有bacteremia/candidemia。影像上TTE在282例中偵測到141例（50%），TEE在244例中偵測到191例（79%），結局追蹤為1年同菌bacteremia/candidemia或IE復發。
- 關鍵數字：在257個有bacteremia/candidemia的episodes中，同菌bacteremia/candidemia於1年內復發率IE組7/92（8%）對non-IE組11/165（7%），P=0.971，幾乎沒有差異。真正同菌IE復發則為IE組6/92（7%）對non-IE組2/165（1%），P=0.029，絕對差約6%，效應不算巨大但方向符合臨床分類有效性。
- Limitation：回溯設計加上2014–2017與2018–2024分類流程不同，可能造成classification drift；valve strands與vegetations的判讀也高度依賴影像品質與專家經驗。治療決策不是隨機分派，抗生素療程、菌種、prosthetic valve與host risk的confounding可能影響1年復發率。
- Bottom line：在疑似IE且看到valve strands時，不應自動視為vegetation；305例中只有33%被判IE，專家團隊判讀可減少不必要的長療程抗生素。
Cytomegalovirus After Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Impact on Outcome and A Personalized Risk-adapted Prevention Strategy¶
Transplant Cell Ther | IF 3.4 | DOI | [(Sadowsk2026CytomegalovirusAutologous?)]
- 設計：這是2011–2021年CMV-seropositive auto-HCT受者的回溯分析，但CMV reactivation採例行前瞻監測；另以CMV-seronegative受者作為存活比較組。研究目標不是證明普篩必然有益，而是建立non-CD34+ selected auto-HCT後PCR surveillance的風險分層策略。
- 樣本：主要分析納入1,000名CMV-seropositive auto-HCT受者，並以846名CMV-seronegative受者比較non-relapse mortality與overall survival。CMV endpoint主要看day +100內viremia、clinically significant CMV、高風險CMV infection與CMV disease，屬移植後早期風險窗。
- 關鍵數字：day +100時CMV viremia為29%，需antiviral therapy的clinically significant CMV為13.7%，high-risk CMV infection為4.4%，CMV disease僅1%。CMV serostatus本身不影響non-relapse mortality或overall survival，但high-risk CMV infection或disease在multivariable models中與non-relapse mortality相關，表示真正有預後意義的是高病毒量或疾病，而非單純血清陽性。
- Limitation：單中心回溯分析仍有selection bias與residual confounding，尤其post-transplant corticosteroids、anti-thymocyte globulin、pre-HCT CMV viremia與基礎疾病嚴重度會同時影響CMV與死亡。preemptive therapy門檻已標準化但不是隨機介入，因此無法直接推論監測策略本身降低mortality。
- Bottom line：auto-HCT後不需要把所有CMV-seropositive病人當同一群；day +100 disease只有1%，但高風險族群可用PCR surveillance集中資源並避免漏掉與NRM相關的CMV事件。
🔴 Transplant & Opportunistic Infections¶
Diagnostic and prognostic relevance of valve strands in patients with suspected infective endocarditis¶
Authors: Tzimas G et al. | Journal: Clin Infect Dis | Date: 2026 Jun 20
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciag376
TL;DR: 305例疑似IE且有valve strands者僅33%判為IE；1年同菌IE復發IE組7%對非IE組1%，專家團隊可避免過度治療。
不嘻嘻：valve strands很會裝，IE團隊還是要坐鎮。
Cytomegalovirus After Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Impact on Outcome and A Personalized Risk-adapted Prevention Strategy¶
Authors: Sadowska-Klasa A et al. | Journal: Transplant Cell Ther | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2026.06.009
TL;DR: 1000名CMV-seropositive auto-HCT受者中，day +100 CMV viremia 29%、需治療13.7%、disease 1%；高風險CMV與non-relapse mortality相關。
不嘻嘻：auto-HCT後CMV還在補刀，真是不給喘。
Combined Aspergillus-specific IgG and galactomannan testing optimizes diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in non-neutropenic patients¶
Authors: Ainiwaer A et al. | Journal: J Microbiol Immunol Infect | Date: 2026 Jun 11
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2026.06.003
TL;DR: 167名非neutropenic疑似IPA者，Asp IgG敏感度65.6%高於serum/BALF GM；與GM合併可將敏感度提至90.2%、特異度98.1%。
嘻嘻：Asp IgG加GM，診斷IPA終於比較有底氣。
🟢 One Health / Zoonoses¶
Quantifying how multiple transmission routes contribute to the spread of HTLV-1 in different endemic foci: a mathematical modelling study¶
Authors: Ochida N et al. | Journal: Lancet Infect Dis | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00178-7
TL;DR: 7項HTLV-1 endemic foci調查建模顯示，25–69歲感染85%歸因sexual、8% vertical；中非NHP bite最高占成年男性26%。
不嘻嘻：HTLV-1路線圖攤開，防治功課還很多。
Mechanistic and antigenic boundaries of Henipavirus and Parahenipavirus glycoproteins¶
Authors: May AJ et al. | Journal: Nat Commun | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-74212-8
TL;DR: 擴增HNV glycoprotein panel並以小鼠免疫與cryo-EM解析，界定Henipavirus/Parahenipavirus結構與antigenic邊界，找到跨屬反應epitopes。
嘻嘻：Henipavirus抗原地圖變清楚，疫苗夢有加分。
Mosquito-based xenosurveillance reveals circulation of Anaplasma and Neoehrlichia in livestock at a human-wildlife interface in Kenya¶
Authors: Getange D et al. | Journal: Parasit Vectors | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-026-07510-1
TL;DR: 肯亞4673隻蚊僅56隻飽血，PCR在飽血蚊檢出Anaplasma marginale、Anaplasma sp.與Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis，支持xenosurveillance。
嘻嘻：蚊子順手當哨兵，One Health偵查很可以。
High genetic diversity of porcine rotavirus A, B, and C in Hungary with putative novel VP4 genotypes¶
Authors: Igriczi B et al. | Journal: BMC Vet Res | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-026-05649-8
TL;DR: 匈牙利19豬場77件腹瀉仔豬檢體中，RVA與RVC各54.5%、RVB 40.3%；多重感染常見，並見疑似新VP4 genotype。
不嘻嘻：豬rotavirus花樣太多，疫苗腦袋要很忙。
Construction and phenotypic analysis of a low molecular weight tyrosine phosphatase mutant in Streptococcus suis serotype 2¶
Authors: Wu Q et al. | Journal: BMC Vet Res | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-026-05632-3
TL;DR: Streptococcus suis 2刪除Lmwptp後capsule厚度與polysaccharide約降12%，但adhesion、抗吞噬與小鼠virulence未顯著改變。
不嘻嘻：S. suis少了這招，壞脾氣竟然還在。
Disrupted barriers, evolved risks: toward precision One Health in arthropod allergy¶
Authors: Li D et al. | Journal: Trends Parasitol | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2026.05.014
TL;DR: arthropod allergy受氣候變遷與都市化推升；review整合epithelial barrier、type 2 immunity、component-resolved diagnostics與One Health surveillance。
不嘻嘻：氣候變遷連過敏都加戲，皮膚先哭。
Economic burden estimation to inform prevention policies against emerging zoonotic diseases: The case of tick-borne encephalitis in France¶
Authors: Leandri M et al. | Journal: Public Health | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2026.106365
TL;DR: 法國2024年TBE模型估年負擔922萬歐元、每例11,112歐元與33,229歐元welfare loss；75%為intangible costs，支持標的接種。
不嘻嘻：TBE帳單算出來，蜱真的小隻又傷荷包。
Emergence, evolution, and global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance: A One Health review¶
Authors: Ahmad R et al. | Journal: Arch Microbiol | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-026-04997-1
TL;DR: AMR於2019年估直接造成127萬死、相關近500萬死；review彙整NDM-1、mcr-1與One Health缺口，示警2050年恐年死千萬。
不嘻嘻：AMR這條老線，全球還在邊看邊漏水。
Toward Predicting Pandemic Potential: A Comparative Analysis of Virus-Host Interactions Between Diverse Influenza A Viruses and the Human Innate Immune System¶
Authors: Gerodez A et al. | Journal: Proteomics | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1002/pmic.70155
TL;DR: mN2H比較human、avian與zoonotic influenza A與human innate immune factors互作，找到保守與strain-specific訊號，但預測力仍需更大library驗證。
嘻嘻：influenza互作圖更細，預警工具慢慢長肌肉。
Beyond the cruise ship: Andes hantavirus and the neglected one health dimensions of global outbreak preparedness¶
Authors: Iwu CD et al. | Journal: Lancet Reg Health Am | Date: 2026 Jul
DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2026.101530
🟡 Food Security / Food Safety¶
Epirus-yellow (EY): A dual naked-eye colorimetric and NIR fluorimetric chemosensor for the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of Sn2¶
Authors: Tzeli D et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 Jun 09
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150023
TL;DR: Epirus-yellow可肉眼比色與NIR fluorimetric偵測Sn2+，LOD約23–26×10-8 mol/L；400秒內變色，並完成手機app食品檢測。
嘻嘻：Sn2+變色又發光，現場檢測很有戲。
Elemental profiling of processed foods using ICP-MS and chemometric evaluation of elemental patterns¶
Authors: Sajnóg A et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 Jun 15
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150087
TL;DR: 32項加工食品ICP-MS顯示，植物性食品K最高43,481 mg/kg，魚與海鮮As較高、魚品有Pb，水煮胡蘿蔔Cd達662 μg/kg。
不嘻嘻：加工食品元素表一翻，午餐突然很有壓力。
Snapshots of food security status in Western Sydney post-COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study¶
Authors: Mekanna AN et al. | Journal: BMC Public Health | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-026-28086-6
TL;DR: 雪梨西區523名成人於lockdown後6–15個月評估，僅6%食物安全改善；女性較男性更常減少餐量，FGD仍見價格與取得脆弱性。
不嘻嘻：疫後餐桌還是緊，弱勢家庭最有感。
Projecting the spatio-temporal habitat suitability of Striga hermonthica under climate change scenarios in Ethiopia using ensemble modeling¶
Authors: Abebe M et al. | Journal: Sci Rep | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-58168-9
TL;DR: 衣索比亞132筆Striga hermonthica紀錄建模AUC 0.92，現有適生區約234,326 km²；2050與2070情境皆預測擴張。
不嘻嘻：Striga hermonthica跟著升溫擴張，農民頭更痛。
Swin-SHARP: a novel approach to wheat disease classification using boosted MAML and weighted ensembling with deep learning classifiers¶
Authors: Khalid W et al. | Journal: Sci Rep | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-57901-8
TL;DR: Swin-SHARP以1萬張小麥影像分類4種病害與健康株，參數降82.5%至8.5M，準確率98.1%，外部資料集95.57%。
嘻嘻：小麥AI辨病又快又準，田間巡邏升級。
HybridViT for robust wheat leaf disease detection using CLAHE and attention-based feature fusion¶
Authors: Arslan N et al. | Journal: Sci Rep | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-55548-z
TL;DR: HybridViT結合ConvNeXt、ViT、CBAM與CLAHE，在3個小麥葉病資料集達平衡資料100%、實地複雜影像99.10%，5-fold平均99.04%。
嘻嘻：HybridViT看葉子很銳利，農病診斷有靠山。
Wickerhamomyces anomalus as a biocontrol agent against Aspergillus clavatus and patulin in apples¶
Authors: Rodrigues EL et al. | Journal: Sci Rep | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-57297-5
TL;DR: Wickerhamomyces anomalus 01499在蘋果汁24小時移除71% patulin、48小時全移除，且預先接種可抑制A. clavatus感染。
嘻嘻：W. anomalus守蘋果，patulin退場很療癒。
Roll-Out Implementation Optimization (ROIO) trial to develop and test the implementation of a food security screening and referral process: a study protocol¶
Authors: Rhee KE et al. | Journal: Implement Sci Commun | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1186/s43058-026-01025-7
TL;DR: I-FRESH將於4間小兒科診所以ROIO設計納入240人，測試food insecurity篩檢、轉介與導航，並評估RE-AIM與初步臨床效果。
嘻嘻：診間篩食物困難，兒科也能接住生活風險。
A scoping review of obesity policies and reimbursement landscape: global insights and lessons for Thailand¶
Authors: Rawdaree P et al. | Journal: Implement Sci Commun | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1186/s43058-026-00985-0
TL;DR: 2004–2024年obesity政策scoping review歸納19項主題；高收入國策略較完整，bariatric surgery給付較常見，GLP-1 RA減重給付仍有限。
不嘻嘻：obesity政策拼圖不齊，窮人最難拿到新藥。
Biochar and melatonin alleviate microplastic-cadmium (MP-Cd) stress in rice by enhancing antioxidant activity and regulating Cd transport¶
Authors: Yang Y et al. | Journal: BMC Plant Biol | Date: 2026 Jun 19
DOI: 10.1186/s12870-026-09301-3
TL;DR: 水稻MP-Cd共壓力下，biochar 2%加melatonin 100 µM使chlorophyll增82%、抗氧化酵素增57.84–99.42%，並下調Cd transporter genes。
嘻嘻：biochar配melatonin，稻子抗Cd有新招。
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the bacterial profile of ready-to-eat vegetable salads across Africa¶
Authors: Abubaker K et al. | Journal: Front Microbiol | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1802185
TL;DR: 非洲31項即食蔬菜沙拉研究meta-analysis顯示，E. coli pooled prevalence 40%、Salmonella spp. 32%、Bacillus cereus 28%，需加強食品安全監測。
不嘻嘻：沙拉不用開火，病原倒是很熱鬧。
Microbial Contamination, Hygienic Practices, and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Food Milling Machines in Somanya, Ghana¶
Authors: Frimpong BA et al. | Journal: Int J Food Sci | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1155/ijfo/2474171
TL;DR: 迦納Somanya食物研磨機分離129株細菌，Klebsiella spp. 41.86%、Enterobacter spp. 23.25%；多菌對ampicillin高抗藥，amikacin無抗藥株。
不嘻嘻：研磨機變細菌共乘站，ampicillin先下車。
Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals innate-like cytotoxic intraepithelial lymphocyte expansion during Salmonella Enteritidis infection in chickens¶
Authors: Majeed S et al. | Journal: Front Immunol | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1842283
TL;DR: 50隻SPF雞以S. Enteritidis攻毒後，2 dpi TCRγδ+CD8αβ+ cytotoxic IEL上升；scRNA-seq顯示innate-like CTL快速擴增。
嘻嘻：雞的IEL反應超快，免疫前線很有戲。
資料來源：PubMed (articles retrieved 2026-06-21)