Daily Journal Digest — 2026-05-23¶
過去 24 小時新增:Transplant ID × 20、One Health × 14、Food Security × 10,共 44 篇。
🔴 Transplant & Opportunistic Infections¶
Differences in tuberculosis prevalence by sex in low- and middle-income countries over 1993-2025: A systematic review and meta-analysis¶
Authors: Swartwood NA et al. | Journal: PLoS Med | Date: 2026 May 22
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1005114
TL;DR: 30年系統性文獻回顧顯示LMICs結核病男:女感染比持續維持2.02,性別差距未縮小。
不嘻嘻:三十年過去了,M:F=2.02,這個比例根本比某些機構的升遷比例還穩。
Human cytomegalovirus terminase inhibitors letermovir, tomeglovir, and the halogenated benzimidazoles modify DNA cleavage/packaging to generate a super-genomic DNA species by cleavage site skipping¶
Authors: Ourahmane A et al. | Journal: Antiviral Res | Date: 2026 May 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106446
TL;DR: Letermovir、tomeglovir、BDCRB均透過裂解位點跳過誘導HCMV產生M+ supergenomic DNA,揭示保守的抗藥機制。
不嘻嘻:三種作用機制不同的藥物一起誘發同一個逃脫路徑,HCMV的求生意志令人肅然起敬。
Emerging evidence for anti-PD-1 and IFN-γ as adjunctive immunotherapy in invasive mold infections¶
Authors: Serris A et al. | Journal: mBio | Date: 2026 May 22
DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00230-26
TL;DR: 8名難治侵犯性黴菌感染患者以anti-PD-1加IFN-γ免疫輔助治療,6例存活,中位追蹤8.5個月。
嘻嘻:免疫輔助治療讓難治黴菌感染8人存活6人,感染科終於也能說「我們有新武器了」。
Diagnostic test accuracy of teleretinal screening for cytomegalovirus retinitis among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis¶
Authors: Uy H et al. | Journal: PLOS Glob Public Health | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0006327
TL;DR: 遠距眼底攝影篩查PLHIV的CMV視網膜炎,靈敏度87%、特異度98%,可取代傳統裂隙燈眼底鏡。
嘻嘻:靈敏度87%、特異度98%,這台相機幾乎比某些眼底鏡判讀者還可靠,而且可以遠距。
Epidemiological and genotypic analysis of Candida albicans outbreak in a neonatal ward¶
Authors: Yu X et al. | Journal: BMC Infect Dis | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-026-13610-1
TL;DR: NICU C. albicans疫情以WGS追蹤至新型ST3601,醫護人員手部為主要傳播向量。
不嘻嘻:新的ST3601從醫護人員手傳給NICU寶寶,洗手永遠是答案,永遠沒人認真執行。
Concurrent pulmonary, hepatic and cerebral pneumocystosis: case report and review of the literature¶
Authors: Chouaieb H et al. | Journal: BMC Infect Dis | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-026-13363-x
TL;DR: HIV患者發生肺、肝、腦三處P. jirovecii播散性感染(單一菌株),最終死亡。
不嘻嘻:同一株P. jirovecii攻佔肺肝腦三個器官,最後仍然死了,這篇讀完需要深呼吸。
Anti-IFN-γ Autoantibodies and Disseminated Opportunistic Infections in Immunocompetent Indian Adults¶
Authors: Bandyopadhyay R et al. | Journal: Int J Infect Dis | Date: 2026 May 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108806
TL;DR: 印度成人播散性機會性感染者體內抗IFN-γ自體抗體濃度顯著高於對照組,可能為易感性標記。
嘻嘻:找到抗IFN-γ自體抗體這個可能的標記,以後也許能在播散感染前先抓出高危族群。
Treatment of Acute Experimental Toxoplasmosis using a Promising Therapy: Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots¶
Authors: El-Zawawy LA et al. | Journal: Acta Trop | Date: 2026 May 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2026.108147
TL;DR: 氮摻雜碳量子點在小鼠模型中使T. gondii負荷降低98%並延長存活,且無明顯毒性。
嘻嘻:奈米碳量子點讓弓蟲負荷掉了98%,材料科學搶著來感染科插旗,但我歡迎這類跨界。
Genetic Diversity of BK Polyomavirus Among Renal Transplant Recipients in Yunnan, China¶
Authors: Pu D et al. | Journal: Biochem Genet | Date: 2026 May 22
DOI: 10.1007/s10528-026-11399-x
TL;DR: 雲南腎臟移植BKV腎病中基因型I佔57%、基因型IV佔43%,兩型臨床表現無顯著差異。
嘻嘻:基因型I和IV共存但臨床無差異,腎臟移植患者的命運至少不取決於你抽到哪型BKV。
Clinical features, genotypes, and geographic distribution of 238 Latin American CGD patients¶
Authors: Santos de Oliveira T et al. | Journal: J Hum Immun | Date: 2025 Nov 03
DOI: 10.70962/jhi.20250033
TL;DR: 238名拉丁美洲CGD患者以X-連鎖型最多;HSCT對比長期抗黴預防性治療未顯示存活優勢。
不嘻嘻:HSCT這麼大動作的治療,在CGD存活率上竟然沒贏過長期預防用藥,今天的主題是謙遜。
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation following invasive mold infection in chronic granulomatous disease: Insights from a case series and literature review¶
Authors: Bes-Berlandier H et al. | Journal: J Hum Immun | Date: 2026 May 04
DOI: 10.70962/jhi.20250164
TL;DR: 14名CGD合併侵犯性黴菌感染患者於感染後接受HSCT,1年整體存活率86%。
嘻嘻:得了侵犯性黴菌感染還能做HSCT且1年存活86%,CGD患者的預後終於有點讓人鬆口氣的數字。
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a curative treatment for Nck-associated protein 1-like (HEM1) deficiency: A first case report¶
Authors: Thalhammer J et al. | Journal: J Hum Immun | Date: 2026 May 04
DOI: 10.70962/jhi.20250228
TL;DR: 首例以HSCT成功治癒HEM1/NCKAP1L缺乏症(反覆感染合併EBV-HLH),移植後18個月達完全緩解。
嘻嘻:全球首例!HSCT治癒連名字都不好記的HEM1/NCKAP1L缺乏症,感染科今天提供了難得的大結局。
Description of invasive aspergillosis in Mexican patients with chronic granulomatous disease¶
Authors: Cova-Guzmán T et al. | Journal: J Hum Immun | Date: 2025 Sep 01
DOI: 10.70962/jhi.20250010
TL;DR: 墨西哥CGD合併侵犯性麴菌病確診死亡率57.7%,早期抗黴治療及後續HSCT為關鍵預後因子。
不嘻嘻:CGD合併麴菌病確診死亡率57.7%,在沒有早期治療和HSCT的情況下,答案幾乎是寫好的。
Post-conflict restoration of health facilities in Amhara region, Ethiopia¶
Authors: Sewagegn N et al. | Journal: BMC Res Notes | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-026-07882-8
TL;DR: 後衝突Amhara衣索比亞衛生設施僅2.8%完全恢復,COVID-19進一步惡化基礎建設重建差距。
不嘻嘻:衝突後只有2.8%衛生設施完全恢復,COVID再補一刀,衛生系統的韌性比我們以為的脆弱得多。
Predictive factors for forgotten joints after direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty¶
Authors: Pu X et al. | Journal: BMC Musculoskelet Disord | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-026-09963-y
TL;DR: 全髖置換術後「被遺忘的關節」分數可由術前K-L分級、骨質疏鬆及股骨偏移量變化預測。
嘻嘻:術前就能預測誰的新髖關節會被「遺忘」,骨科終於也在搞個人化醫療,我舉雙手贊成。
Real-world effectiveness and safety of tralokinumab in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis with malignancy, chronic infections, and multimorbidity¶
Authors: Melgosa Ramos FJ et al. | Journal: Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1007/s13555-026-01795-x
TL;DR: Tralokinumab在合併惡性腫瘤、HIV或潛伏性結核之異位性皮膚炎真實世界中,安全性與療效均佳。
嘻嘻:有癌症、HIV或潛伏結核的AD患者用Tralokinumab仍然安全有效,真實世界數據打了不少顧慮一巴掌。
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis: a potential source of false-positive uptake on [18F]FET PET/MR leading to diagnostic ambiguity¶
Authors: Bagasariya R et al. | Journal: Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging | Date: 2026 May 22
DOI: 10.1007/s00259-026-07914-2
Serum HLA-G Levels in Kidney Transplant Recipients and Association With Clinical Outcomes: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study¶
Authors: Botelho SM et al. | Journal: Transplant Proc | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2026.04.015
TL;DR: 腎臟移植患者血清HLA-G低下與移植排斥反應及CMV感染率上升獨立相關。
不嘻嘻:血清HLA-G低下同時預測排斥和CMV感染,腎臟移植患者的免疫失衡真的是一個牽一髮動全身的系統。
Association of community sociodemographic and tuberculosis-related factors with variability in community-level tuberculosis stigma in South Africa: an ecological analysis from the MISSED TB Outcomes study¶
Authors: Kipp AM et al. | Journal: BMJ Open | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-106835
TL;DR: 南非結核病污名化程度因城鄉背景顯著不同,並與HIV污名化呈正相關。
不嘻嘻:結核病污名化三十年後還在,而且跟HIV污名化一起疊加,社會的進步有時真的比病原體慢。
Fatal disseminated Rhizomucor pusillus mucormycosis with pulmonary involvement diagnosed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and transcutaneous biopsy in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia¶
Authors: Terziev D et al. | Journal: Ultraschall Med | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1055/a-2809-9260
🟢 One Health / Zoonoses¶
Fungal diversity, ecology and functions in soil ecosystems¶
Authors: Rillig MC | Journal: Nat Rev Microbiol | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01321-y
TL;DR: 土壤真菌透過腐生分解、共生及生物地球化學循環在One Health中居關鍵角色,且對氣候變遷與化學污染敏感。
嘻嘻:土壤真菌原來做了這麼多事,下次踩草地我決定更尊重腳底下的生物地球化學家們。
Application of cold plasma on fresh cut carrots for the inactivation of Arcobacter spp., an emerging food-borne zoonotic pathogen¶
Authors: Cellini B et al. | Journal: Food Res Int | Date: 2026 Aug 01
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119413
TL;DR: 冷大氣電漿(CAP)30分鐘可使生鮮切割胡蘿蔔表面Arcobacter butzleri降至偵測極限,但影響色澤與pH;PAW保鮮效果較佳。
嘻嘻:冷電漿把Arcobacter殺到偵測極限,只要你不介意胡蘿蔔變色和pH偏掉,這個方法其實很帥。
A systematic review and meta-analysis of Leptospira spp. infection in wildlife: Contributions to a One Health perspective¶
Authors: Esteves SB et al. | Journal: One Health | Date: 2026 Jun
DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101433
TL;DR: 野生動物Leptospira感染率合併估計14.5%(尿液排菌16.6%),嚙齒類與蝙蝠為最多樣宿主,L. interrogans最常見。
不嘻嘻:野生動物Leptospira感染率14.5%、排菌16.6%,大自然的蓄水池比我們的監測網密集多了。
Surveillance of vector-borne infections: Dogs as sentinel animals for Orientia and Rickettsia exposure in five regions in Chile¶
Authors: López-Silva P et al. | Journal: One Health | Date: 2026 Jun
DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2026.101437
TL;DR: 智利5地區家犬血清調查顯示Candidatus Orientia chiloensis盛行率13.8%,分佈超越已知流行地區。
嘻嘻:狗狗作為哨兵動物揭露了scrub typhus比官方地圖還廣的分佈,以後養狗又多了一個正當理由。
Up-to-date MALDI-TOF MS-based identification of the Corynebacterium diphtheriae species complex for improved diagnostics¶
Authors: Rau J et al. | Journal: J Clin Microbiol | Date: 2026 May 22
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01324-25
TL;DR: 擴充Bruker MALDI-TOF資料庫涵蓋CdSC全7種,可靠鑑別2018年後新描述的C. belfantii等4個新種,正式驗證通過。
嘻嘻:社群驅動擴充MALDI資料庫,這個模式應該推廣到所有分類學家搶著改名字的細菌上。
Exploring the functional and immunological diversity of the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family in Fasciola hepatica¶
Authors: Kalinowska A et al. | Journal: Sci Rep | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-53684-0
TL;DR: F. hepatica 7種FABP異構體具階段特異性表現;FhFABP4誘發持久IgG反應(6–12週),具疫苗與診斷標靶潛力。
嘻嘻:肝吸蟲靠FABP家族偷脂質還壓制宿主免疫,但這也讓FhFABP4成了很有潛力的疫苗標靶。
Multi-omics analysis identifies a role for Streptococcus suis MnmE in growth regulation and environmental adaptation¶
Authors: Huang Y et al. | Journal: Microbiol Spectr | Date: 2026 May 22
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01201-26
TL;DR: S. suis ΔmnmE突變株生長缺陷、莢膜減少、毒力下降;MnmE透過tRNA U34修飾協調翻譯偏好性與金屬離子恆定。
不嘻嘻:一個tRNA修飾酶缺失就讓豬鏈球菌變廢物,它的存在意義就是不讓我們輕鬆。
Comparison of five commercially available lateral flow assays for the rapid detection of B. anthracis in environmental samples¶
Authors: Harpke M et al. | Journal: J Appl Microbiol | Date: 2026 May 22
DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxag122
TL;DR: 5種市售B. anthracis環境偵測側流試劑LOD達10⁶–10⁹孢子,近緣Bacillus交叉反應頻繁,不適單獨野外確診,仍需實驗室確認。
不嘻嘻:5種市售炭疽快篩LOD不夠低又對近緣菌假陽,野外生物恐怖應變工具箱裡還是個黑洞。
Imported zoonotic Ancylostoma ceylanicum and Ancylostoma braziliense infections in a cat in Romania¶
Authors: Mitrea IB et al. | Journal: Parasit Vectors | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-026-07429-7
TL;DR: 羅馬尼亞進口貓(源自加勒比海瓜地洛普島)分子確認Ancylostoma ceylanicum及A. braziliense,警示跨境引入人畜共通鉤蟲之風險。
不嘻嘻:一隻從加勒比海飄來的貓把兩種人畜共通鉤蟲帶進羅馬尼亞,寵物移入的風險清單又長了一行。
Development of a SAG1-based colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip for rapid serological detection of swine Toxoplasma gondii¶
Authors: Chen XX et al. | Journal: Parasit Vectors | Date: 2026 May 21
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-026-07435-9
TL;DR: 以桿狀病毒系統表現重組SAG1蛋白製備膠體金免疫層析試紙偵測豬Toxoplasma gondii抗體,與微量凝集試驗一致率98.3%。
嘻嘻:98.3%一致率的膠體金試紙農場現場就能篩豬的弓蟲症,公衛豬肉安全多了一道快速守門員。
Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria from retail meat: Prevalence and public health implications¶
Authors: Arbab S et al. | Journal: PLoS One | Date: 2026
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0346434
TL;DR: 巴基斯坦零售肉品革蘭陰性菌(E. coli最多37.4%)對ampicillin與cephalosporins高度抗藥,多重抗藥普遍,呼籲One Health監測。
不嘻嘻:巴基斯坦街市肉品多重抗藥菌滿滿,One Health不只是口號的話,這種數據應該讓更多人坐不住。
Non-typhoidal Salmonella prevalence and antimicrobial resistance in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis¶
Authors: Akinduti PA et al. | Journal: Int Health | Date: 2026 May 22
DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihag044
TL;DR: 奈及利亞meta-analysis:食品動物非傷寒型Salmonella盛行率12.43%,逾20%對nalidixic acid、ampicillin、ciprofloxacin抗藥。
不嘻嘻:食品動物的Salmonella盛行率比人還高,超過兩成對常用抗生素抗藥,奈及利亞食安需要的不只是更多數據。
Genomic insights into global epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance dissemination of the emerging environmental pathogen Aeromonas¶
Authors: Wang XQ et al. | Journal: Environ Pollut | Date: 2026 May 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128315
TL;DR: 全球55國3540個Aeromonas基因組:99.77%攜帶ARG,AveGI1廣泛分佈,環境分離株抗藥性最高,建議列為抗生素污染指標菌。
不嘻嘻:99.77%的Aeromonas攜帶ARG,環境裡的抗藥基因蓄水池又被點名了,我們喝的水到底在養什麼。
Genomic surveillance captures resistance evolution in Salmonella enterica ST376 during prolonged disseminated infection in an immunocompromised patient from the United Arab Emirates¶
Authors: Saleem A et al. | Journal: J Infect Public Health | Date: 2026 May 14
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2026.103254
TL;DR: 阿聯酋乳癌患者Salmonella enterica ST376播散性感染(菌血症+敗血性關節炎+骨髓炎),血液分離株攜帶blaTEM-1A等多種ARGs,反映宿主內演化。
不嘻嘻:同一個宿主體內Salmonella還能演化出更多抗藥性,免疫低下患者的感染科永遠有新驚喜。
🟡 Food Security / Food Safety¶
Derivatization-free quantification of L-glutamic acid in commercial chips and sauces via capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection¶
Authors: Ülkü MA et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 May 20
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.149702
TL;DR: 開發CE-C4D無衍生化法,3分鐘定量商業醬料與洋芋片中的麩胺酸,LOD 0.05 mg/L,回收率83.2–101%。
嘻嘻:3分鐘無衍生化測醬料裡的MSG,監管單位終於有個快又省事的工具,食品化學家辛苦了。
Spatial confinement-accelerated catalytic hairpin assembly on a Y-shaped DNA nanoscaffold for ultrasensitive detection of aflatoxin B1¶
Authors: Ma Q et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 May 18
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.149705
TL;DR: Y形DNA奈米支架空間限制加速催化髮夾組裝(SCA-CHA)靶向AFB1,複雜食品基質(玉米/紅酒/牛奶)回收率91.5–107.8%。
嘻嘻:一個Y形DNA支架讓局部濃度提升5000倍,化學本來就是魔法,這篇只是再次提醒了我。
Development of a hydrazinolysis method for the determination of vinclozolin in foods by SPE and GC-MS/MS¶
Authors: Tang H et al. | Journal: Food Chem | Date: 2026 May 18
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.149639
TL;DR: 聯氨解法結合SPE-GC-MS/MS一步定量vinclozolin及含3,5-DCA代謝物,8種基質LOQ 0.02 mg/kg,符合法規殘留定義。
嘻嘻:一種農藥加其代謝物一次搞定,有時候把老方法接上新儀器就夠用了,不必每次都發明新輪子。
Innovative plasma-polymerized bilayer coating featuring a citronellal-based antimicrobial layer and a polycaprolactone barrier for prolonged, controlled release¶
Authors: Zabihzadeh Khajavi M et al. | Journal: Food Res Int | Date: 2026 Aug 01
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119404
TL;DR: 電漿聚合PLA雙層塗層(檸檬醛+30 nm PCL屏障)11天持續抑制L. monocytogenes達3.97 log CFU/mL,優於單層塗層。
嘻嘻:電漿聚合雙層塗層11天持續殺菌,食品包裝終於從「隔絕」進化到「主動防禦」,值得期待。
Mechanistic insights of the bactericidal effects of plasma-activated tryptophan water on Aeromonas hydrophila and Shewanella putrefaciens¶
Authors: Wei Q et al. | Journal: Food Res Int | Date: 2026 Aug 01
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119395
TL;DR: 電漿活化色胺酸水(PATW)對A. hydrophila與S. putrefaciens 50秒可達≥6-log滅菌,色胺酸氧化衍生物與ROS共同殺菌。
嘻嘻:電漿活化色胺酸水50秒滅菌6個log,水產食品業的抗菌武器庫又多了一個不需加熱的好候選。
Integrating intermittent ultrasound with micro-nanobubbles for enhanced reduction of pathogenic bacteria during fresh-cut lotus root sanitation¶
Authors: Shi Z et al. | Journal: Food Res Int | Date: 2026 Aug 01
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119387
TL;DR: CO₂微奈米泡泡+H₂O₂+間歇超音波10分鐘降低生鮮切割蓮藕E. coli O157:H7達3.91 log,4天內抑制原生菌群低於5 log。
嘻嘻:微奈米泡泡加超音波加H₂O₂的組合技讓蓮藕切片能撐4天,物理×化學的協同效應值得更多探索。
Biochemical characterization of a novel ochratoxin A-detoxifying amidohydrolase from Terribacillus saccharophilus JX-8 and its application in grape juice and wheat flour¶
Authors: Liu B et al. | Journal: Food Res Int | Date: 2026 Aug 01
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119366
TL;DR: Terribacillus saccharophilus JX-8來源新型OTA醯胺水解酶OtaH(kcat/Km=4028.57)在葡萄汁與麵粉中降解OTA達64.9%與94.6%。
嘻嘻:從酸菜汁找到能高效降解OTA的酵素,這個發現的起點讓我覺得微生物學家的腦洞真的無邊無際。
The role of Campylobacter group II phages in mitigating Campylobacter contamination across the poultry food chain: Current applications and future prospects¶
Authors: Rafiq MS et al. | Journal: Food Res Int | Date: 2026 Aug 01
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119365
TL;DR: 綜述Campylobacter II群噬菌體在家禽產業鏈防控應用,強調規模化挑戰、配方穩定性與未來噬菌體工程前景。
嘻嘻:噬菌體終於要從實驗室走向家禽生產線了,抗藥時代的噬菌體耐心等待有機會得到回報。
Aptamer-cDNA-driven nanozyme strategy: A recyclable dual-signal immunosensor for amplified detection of aflatoxin B1 in edible oil¶
Authors: Li X et al. | Journal: Food Res Int | Date: 2026 Aug 01
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119356
TL;DR: Cu2O@MnO2 nanozyme雙訊號(比色LOD 0.016 ng/mL+螢光LOD 0.044 ng/mL)AFB1免疫感測器可磁性回收,靈敏度比ELISA提升68–188倍。
嘻嘻:雙訊號加可回收奈米酵素,AFB1偵測比ELISA靈敏188倍,食安奈米軍備競賽打得很熱鬧。
Genomic and epidemiological analysis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus O10:K4, a newly emerging serotype in China¶
Authors: Qin J et al. | Journal: Food Res Int | Date: 2026 Aug 01
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119349
TL;DR: V. parahaemolyticus O10:K4(ST3)自2020年主導中國臨床分離株(達90%),15個潛在疫情群集,cg-ST1163/O10v1:K4傳播最廣。
不嘻嘻:2020年冒出的血清型三年後佔了90%臨床分離株,弧菌的進化速度讓流行病學家一直在追趕。
資料來源:PubMed (articles retrieved 2026-05-23)